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The Mija Chronicles

Mexican food and culture, on both sides of the border

Lesley Tellez

Mezcal and the milpa in the state of México

October 18, 2011 by Lesley Tellez

One of the things I love about running Eat Mexico is that I get to meet people who are passionate about Mexican food and Mexican traditions. This weekend, two of those people — Gustavo and his girlfriend Karina, who help me with my mezcal tour — offered to take me to the state of Mexico, one of the states that borders the Distrito Federal, so I can see how mezcal is made up-close.

Only seven states have been certified by the Mexican government to make mezcal: Oaxaca, Guerrero, Zacatecas, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí, Guanajuato and Durango. But mezcal is actually produced in several more places, including the state of Mexico and Puebla. By law, these states aren’t allowed to put the name “mezcal” on their liquor, even though they’ve been making mezcal for generations.

Our destination was Zumpahuacán, a small municipality about two hours west of Mexico City. From the Colonia Roma, we headed west toward Santa Fe and then up over the hills past La Marquesa, the forest of pine and fir trees. (Yep, there’s a forest right outside Mexico City. I really need to get out and see it more often.)

We drove past Toluca and through Tenancingo, a town known for its rebozos and obispo tacos. We zig-zagged for several miles on a windy road that cut through the hills, and then we finally pulled off and parked under a shade tree.

This was our view:

Look, a real squash flower!

The mezcal tour begins

The maestro mezcalero, Sr. José Luis, greeted us in person, wearing slacks, a button-down shirt and leather sandals. He served us mezcal in little clay jarritos, and we sipped and talked on his patio. His dog lay nearby in the sun.

His mezcal-production area lay about a kilometer from his home, down a dirt path. The sun shined high and hard overhead. I regretted not bringing a hat. (Speaking of which, I need to replace my American baseball caps for a straw hat like these guys are wearing.)

The maestro mezcalero, Sr. José Luis, and my friend Gustavo

The view of the countryside in Zumpahuacán, Estado de México

Sr. José Luis makes his mezcal from wild agave. I’d never seen one up close before, and the first plant we saw had a rounded, raised pattern on its leaves. The design reminded me of similar shapes I’d seen on murals at Teotihuacán and the Anthropology Museum. It was kind of an ah-ha moment.

Agave criollo, one of several types (all called criollo, for lack of a scientific categorization) that grow on Sr. José Luis's land.

Another agave criollo

Sr. José Luis, using his machete, shows us how to determine when an agave is mature.

The milpa in Zumpahuacán

We learned about his mezcal distillation process, and we saw the earthen pit where he roasts his piñas. Piña, in this instance, doesn’t mean pineapple. It’s the name for the core of the agave, which is what mezcal is made from. On the way back, we got a bigger treat: Sr. José Luis led us through his milpa, where he grows corn, beans and squash for his family.

The word milpa signifies a small plot of land where things are grown synergistically. The beans use the corn as a natural trellis, snaking around the stalks; the squash naturally harvests just after the corn does. The milpa was the most important farming practice in Mesoamerica for thousands of years.

And there I was, standing in one.

“This is where it all started!” I wanted to tell everyone. Of course, they knew too, and we all stood around sort of dazed.

A variety of white bean, hanging off a cornstalk in the milpa

How amazing is this? The bean stem, trellising around an ear of corn.

Black corn

Black corn, one of the varieties grown on José Luis's milpa. This one isn't ripe yet.


Wild cempasúchil, the traditional flower of Day of the Dead

Wild cempasúchil, the traditional flower of Day of the Dead

A yellow flower -- I forgot the name -- that grows wild in Zumpahuacan. It's gathered and formed into shapes (like crosses or wreaths), which are placed over people's doorways on holidays.

As we were walking back through the flowers and the sunshine, I asked Sr. José Luis what Zumpahuacán means. He said, “Place where the skulls are found.” Turns out the name actually means “place where the skulls of the sacrificed are kept in colorín trees.” Huh.

The day comes to an end

Sr. José Luis plucked off few fresh ears of corn for us to take home and his family roasted a few more for us to munch on. The kernels were nutty and toasty, almost popcorn-tasting.

On the way home, we listened to Tin-Tan and I tried to figure out a way to fit my two bottles of mezcal into my tiny tote bag — a bag already stuffed with sweet bread, tomatillos and manzano chiles from Tenancingo.

I really, really need to get out of the city more often. We’ve got too many amazing things in our backyard.

Filed Under: Pulque & Mezcal Tagged With: Eat Mexico, Estado de México, mezcal, milpa, nature

Simple Oaxacan chile pasilla salsa

October 12, 2011 by Lesley Tellez

Whenever I have visitors in town or I want to wow dinner guests, I break into my stash of Oaxacan pasilla chiles. I’ve been obsessed with this chile for the past year — unlike the regular chile pasilla, or even the chipotle or mora for that matter, they’re intensely smoky, raisiny, fruity.

My friend Ian was visiting last weekend, so I asked him whether he wanted to make oaxacan pasillas rellenos (someday I’m going to post that recipe for you, it’s divine) or salsa. He chose the latter. I’ve posted a recipe previously for oaxacan pasilla salsa with tomatillos, so we thumbed through Ricardo Muñoz Zurita’s excellent book Salsas Mexicanas for another.

The one we found was simple: a mix of rehydrated chiles, garlic and salt. My mouth watered just thinking about it — can you imagine the flavor without the acidity from the tomatoes? It would be a smoke-tobacco-fruit fest.

With Ian on the tejolote, we threw comal-roasted garlic, sea salt and the rehydrated pasillas into the molcajete. He ground everything together for perhaps 20 minutes, adding a few dribbles of water when it looked too thick.

The result was a gorgeous, deep red paste. We dipped our noses closer to the molcajete, inhaled, and sighed. It was as smoky and intense as we’d imagined. We ate the salsa with totopos I’d made from old tortillas baked in the oven. The next day, I spooned some onto my quesadillas.

If you can’t find the Oaxacan chile pasilla, you could try substituting chile chipotle or morita. The basic idea of letting the chile shine with a little bit of garlic is a good one, I think.

Simple Oaxacan chile pasilla salsa
Makes about 1 very spicy cup

Note: The original recipe didn’t call for roasting the garlic on the comal, but we did it anyway, because Ian and I both prefer the taste. The original recipe also called for keeping the seeds and grinding them in the salsa, but we only added a pinch. It’s still very hot.

If you’re substituting dried chipotles, I’d stick with three large ones. Canned chipotles tend to be a little hotter, but you might try using three and see what happens. (Or start with two large ones and go from there.) If you’re using dried moras, which tend to be smaller, I’d do perhaps five or six.

You could also make this salsa in a blender, if you don’t have a molcajete. If you do have one, I’d use it, as you get more control over the texture/consistency.

My ideal consistency here was a thick sauce — thinner than tomato paste, but not as runny as a taquería salsa. In any case, the consistency doesn’t matter so much, because it’s going to taste good no matter what.

Ingredients

4 large cloves garlic, unpeeled
3 oaxacan chile pasillas* (see note)
sea salt to taste

Heat a comal or dry skillet on the stovetop. Add garlic cloves to the outer edge of the pan, where the heat isn’t so intense, and cook until golden brown and soft on both sides, turning occasionally. If you leave them too long on the comal and they blacken in spots, just shave off the those pieces with a knife. You don’t want them because they’re bitter.

Meanwhile, use a dish towel to rub off any dust that might have collected on the chiles. Add them to the comal and quickly toast, until the skin has softened slightly and the chiles become aromatic. This should take maybe 10 or 15 seconds at the most.

Remove the chiles to a work space. Using kitchen shears, cut off the chile stems, slice open the chiles, and remove the seeds and veins. Save a few seeds on the side, if you’d like to add them to your salsa later. (Do NOT use your fingers to de-seed/de-vein — the seeds are super hot. I’d use a knife or little spoon.) Cover the chiles with hot water and let rest until the skin has softened, perhaps 10 minutes.

Peel the garlic. In a molcajete, add the garlic and a pinch of sea salt. Grind together until it forms a paste. Then add the chiles, one at a time unless you’re a whiz on the molcajete. Grind each chile until you no longer see big pieces of chile skin, and you’ve got a uniform paste. Add more water as you go, if it looks too thick.

Taste for salt. Serve at room temperature with your favorite chips, tacos or quesadillas.

Filed Under: Recipes Tagged With: oaxacan chile pasilla, Ricardo Muñoz Zurita, salsa

Adventures in Mexican produce: Quelite cenizo

October 10, 2011 by Lesley Tellez

I’ve mentioned it several times, but I’m a big fan of quelites. The word is an umbrella term for any wild, native Mexican green, usually one that has small leaves (smaller than spinach or chard).

Mexico City supermarkets don’t sell them. I usually find them on the outer edges of the tianguis, where the vendors often come directly from farms. They set up directly on the sidewalk and sell gorgeous, non-uniform produce: round, plump squash with raised ridges; prettier than usual squash blossoms, tortillas, tlacoyos, and bags of these quelites.

In the past I’ve bought quintoniles, which have a purplish tinge. But last week I saw another type of quelite I’d never bought before — quelite cenizo. The name translates to “ash quelite,” because some of the leaves look like they’ve been dipped in ash. My batch was pretty much all green.

I’ve never paid more than 15 pesos (just over a dollar) for a kilo of quelites. They don’t cook down as much as spinach does, and they’re highly nutritious, so there’s really no excuse not to buy them.

What do you do with quelite cenizo?

As is the case with most quelites, you can stew them. In Mexico, this is known as “guisar.” The traditional preparation calls for washing the quelites very well beforehand — they tend to collect a lot of dirt — and them simmering them gently in a pot of water until tender.

From there, you can chop them up (or not, if you’re lazy like me) and sautee them in chopped onion and garlic. You could add a chile sauce, like tomatillo with serrano. But I like them plain. After cooking, you serve them with beans and tortillas.

Last night I used my quelite cenizo as an enchilada filling. Post on that to come. I’ve also mixed them with vegetables and served them over quinoa.

What does quelite cenizo taste like?

They’re mild and slightly sweet, similar to quintoniles and other quelites I’ve tried. The great thing about them is they don’t turn slimy once you’ve simmered them in water. All quelites I’ve tried, including one called nabo, hold their texture.

If you eat quelites, let me know below — what’s your favorite way to prepare them?

Filed Under: Streets & Markets Tagged With: quelites, tianguis

The food of San Pedro Atocpan and Milpa Alta, in southern Mexico City

October 5, 2011 by Lesley Tellez

I’m friendly with the guy who sells me chiles and mole paste at Mercado Medellín. Over the years we’ve talked about me visting him in San Pedro Atocpan, the village where he lives, about 90 minutes southeast of the city center.

San Pedro is part of the delegación de Milpa Alta, which, along with Tlalapan, makes up the southernmost area of the Distrito Federal. (Think about that. You can ride a bus for 90 minutes in this city and you’re still within the city limits.)

A few weeks ago I finally had a weekend free, and so Crayton and I and our friend Chris rode the pesero out to San Pedro early one Sunday morning. The bus took us through Xochimilco, and then on a windy, two-lane road lined with cactus and corn. San Pedro is known for its mole, so I figured we’d check out a few markets and then have mole for lunch. I didn’t count on being completely hypnotized by the food.

The Milpa Alta Market

Once arriving in San Pedro, we took another pesero to Milpa Alta, a slightly larger city nestled in the hills. The produce there was even more gorgeous than in Xochimilco.

At a tianguis in front of the market, vendors sold local bluish-red corn, rabbits, herbs I’d never seen, quelites, and piles of wild mushrooms.

Check out the mushrooms for sale, on the sidewalk outside the market. Aren't they gorgeous?

Chile nuevo, sold outside the market in Milpa Alta. It's not very spicy.

This was just on the sidewalk. Erik, my friend, ushered us inside the market and vendors were selling wild mushroom tamales. I’ve never seen or heard of a wild mushroom tamale in three years of living in Mexico City. It was divine — picture meaty bits of mushroom, soaked in a green chile sauce.

A home-cooked meal in San Pedro Atocpan

I was happy just having gone to the tianguis in Milpa Alta. But Erik and his family had prepared a big spread for us at his house, with several local foods: mixiotes, esquites, fava bean salad, three types of mole. Everything tasted just as good as it looked.

Doña Belia, preparing tortillas at Erik's house in San Pedro Atocpan

Mixiotes

Those are the mixtiotes -- it's slow-cooked, spicy meat, cooked in maguey leaves like little purses. These were made with mutton.

Fava bean salad, one of my faves. It has onion, cilantro and queso fresco.

Blue corn esquites

Blue corn esquites! I'd never tried esquites with blue corn in Mexico. These were phenomenal.

Cecina and locally made chorizo.

Carrots, corn and squash

A basket of goodies.

When in San Pedro Atocpan… try the chicharrón

There was a bowl of chicharrón on the table at Erik’s house, and I’m telling you, it was the best chicharrón I’ve had, ever. It was this deep-brown caramel color, and thick and crunchy, not like the wimpy beige stuff I usually see in the markets where I live.

I asked Erik why it was so good and he said: “It’s homemade.”

I thought all chicharrón in Mexico was homemade? If anyone out there knows the difference between the two chicharrónes — the beige, more mainstream variety and the rustic dark-brown stuff — I’d love to hear about it.

Homemade chicharrón

The best chicharrón I've ever had in my life, hands-down.

I’m planning another visit out there hopefully in the next few months. If you’re interested in visiting yourself, San Pedro Atocpan is hosting a mole festival through the end of October.

Filed Under: Streets & Markets, Travel Tagged With: milpa, pesero, quelites, san pedro atocpan

The mumbling street vendor

October 4, 2011 by Lesley Tellez

I heard this guy while I was sitting at my desk a few days ago. Do you know what he’s saying? I think he wants to buy old iron or metal stuff, similar to the La Lllorona lady, but I can’t be sure.

Incidentally, I saw a guy in Condesa today pushing a cart full of metal scraps while yelling, “Hierro viejo!” So I stopped him and said, politely: “Excuse me, I’m a foreigner. Do you mind if I ask what you are going to do with those scraps?” He said he planned to recycle them.

https://www.themijachronicles.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Mumbling-Street-Vendor2.mp3

Filed Under: Mexico City Tagged With: street sounds

Parisians are nice, and three other things I learned in Paris

September 22, 2011 by Lesley Tellez

Two things I didn't know about Parisians: they love creamy potatoes, and a gamey, intense pork sausage called andouillette. That's it above, from a restaurant called Gallopin.

I meant to do a lot of research on Paris before we traveled. What was the history of the city? What is it like now? What were the top things to do and places to see? Alas, my schedule blew up and the only research I did involved a dinner with Parisian friends who now live in Mexico City. (Thank you, Luis and Elodie.)

Several things struck me about the city — first off, how clean it was. I was staying in the 7th arrondissement, which is near the Eiffel Tower and apparently Paris’s equivalent of Polanco. The buildings practically sparkled. How could it be that they were built in the 17th and 18th centuries? Even when we traveled away from the Eiffel Tower, things never looked extremely gritty. Maybe I didn’t find those neighborhoods.

The gorgeous -- and clean! -- Pont Alexander III, one of Paris's prettiest bridges

A few other things that stuck out:

1. Parisians are nice. Crayton and I had steeled ourselves to expect the worst. We’d read all the horror stories about snooty Parisians. But the people we encountered were friendly. It might’ve helped that we tried to speak French as much as possible — we said “bon jour” or “bon soir” every time we entered a restaurant or shop, and “Merci au revoir” upon leaving. (Several times I also confidently asked for the check:”Si’l vous plait, l’addicion!” Loved doing that.)

We found an extremely friendly wine guy at a shop on Rue Cler, and nice waiters at the bar-tabacs where we’d stop for beer or fries or paté or whatever. Whenever possible, I tried to smile and look charming and say merci a lot.

When I told Erik and Jesica, our American-French-Mexican friends living in Paris, that we were treated very well, Erik said, “You should blog about that.” They also said Parisians were working on being nicer to tourists. So, Parisians: merci. It’s working.

2. Parisian women are as stylish as you’d think they’d be.
I don’t know why I thought, pre-Paris trip, that Parisian women wouldn’t be all that fabulous. Maybe this had to do with me not drinking the Paris Kool-Aid. Once I actually arrived in Paris, though, I realized the stereotype was true. Most Parisian women I saw were slim and chic. They walked around in cropped jackets and fitted jeans, and scarves knotted around their necks. Some women — a small, devastating group — wore five-inch heels and dresses that accentuated all the right parts.

Not a day went by that I didn’t gape at some Parisian woman walking down the street. And then my eyes would drift to my own sneakers and jeans, and I’d tell myself that I had to wear sneakers, because there was no other way to burn off the French pastries.

Seriously: even the toddlers look good here.

3. The city is entirely, charmingly French.

So much of the Western world has embraced and copied the French style, especially in architecture and food, that for some reason I thought that the Parisians would’ve eschewed the tradition by now in favor of something more modern and unique. This isn’t the case. Paris looks exactly like it does in the movies: There are cafés on every corner, and they all have the rattan-and-cane bistro chairs that face the street. Narrow streets are lined with boutiques, bistros, butchers, bakeries, cheese shops, patisseries, small, maze-like supermarkets, and stores that sell the most stylish baby clothes ever.

Parisians really do say “Oh la la!” when they’re delighted by something. And they say “Oh la la la la la la” when they mean, “Oh boy.” I realize, by the way, that eschewing the traditional for something modern and different is an American sensibility, but that fact didn’t hit me until after I got there.

4. Paris, for a city of two million people, is actually quite… tranquil. Maybe it was the pesero driver who recently hit Crayton and drove off (he’s fine, by the way), or the cars that cut me off when I’ve had the light, missing my body by inches; or the cracked, uneven sidewalks, or the motorcyclists who ride on the sidewalks in front of the police — but I’m reminded on a daily basis that rules don’t really exist in Mexico City. Sure, there are tranquil pockets. But the city, at its heart, is chaos. Most of the time I love the chaos. Other weeks, it makes me want to bang my head against the wall.

Paris, somehow, is exciting and orderly. There is no snarling, horn-blaring, parking-lot traffic. Or if there is, I didn’t see it. Cars go only one direction inside a roundabout, not two. Jesica told us that the police once stopped her for running a red light on her bicycle, something that gave me a pang, because that would never, ever happen here.

Crayton and I talked a lot about how Mexico City could eventually be like Paris. That’s in another post.

A few more photos:

Outside the Louvre, late afternoon

Les escargots -- one of our last meals in Paris

Tuileries Garden

A sunny day at the Luxembourg Gardens. Parisians are fanatical about picnicking.

Another view of the Luxembourg Garden

And yet more Luxembourg Garden...

The Louvre at sunset (taken from inside the Louvre)

Filed Under: Travel Tagged With: Paris

Drunk on Paris’s charm

September 20, 2011 by Lesley Tellez

When I told friends I was traveling to Paris for a week, they’d always ask: Is it your first time? I’d say yes, and then the person would get this faraway look in his eyes.”Oh, Paris. You’re going to love it.”

I didn’t doubt that I would like it. But I secretly thought: Is everyone drinking the same Paris Kool-Aid? It can’t be that great. They probably mean it’s nice if you have money and can stay at some big fancy hotel. Or it’s nice if you speak French well. Crayton and I have traveled to several big cities and I’d never felt wholly charmed by any of them. Excited and intrigued, yes. But enamorado? Eh. Mexico City didn’t so much seduce me as physically grab me — somehow I knew I belonged here.

Paris, on the other hand, hit me like a crush. I was infatuated immediately. The buildings were so clean! The monuments so well-kempt! The narrow streets, the bakeries, patisseries, boucheries, the-old timey streelights — they looked like they’d come from a storybook.

And then there was the food. It really was as good as people said. I put a small ice-cream-scoop of salted butter on my baguette every morning, and I even buttered (horrors for my cholesterol) my croissant, just because I felt heady and in love. For lunch at almost every meal, I ordered a slab of paté as an appetizer and dug into the ceramic crocks of cornichons. Then came the french fries dipped in mustard.

It was easy to get around, because there are bus and Metro stops everywhere. Most of the time we walked and took some time to gaze out at the water.

Sometimes I’d walk down the street and just stop and stare. I kept taking pictures of the buildings, until Crayton said, “Wow, you’ve got a lot of pictures of buildings, don’t you?”

I took photos of the food too, of course.

My first pastry in Paris: a chocolate eclair.

A fig tart -- one of my mid-afternoon snacks.

A regular croissant, a swiss croissant with chocolate, and an almond croissant -- known in the French cannon as "Viennoiserie." This was breakfast one morning.

A pear tart with chocolate chips.

By the end of my first day in town I thought: No wonder Porfirio Diaz loved this place.

More pictures tomorrow.

Filed Under: Travel Tagged With: Paris

Au revoir — I’m off to Paris

September 10, 2011 by Lesley Tellez

Crayton and I are escaping for a week to Paris! We scored a great deal on miles back in March. It’ll be our first time there. We’re visiting our good friends Erik and Jesica, who moved to Paris a year ago.

My plan for the week is to walk around a lot, see a few museums and eat as much as I can. I’ve even worked out extra-hard over the past month, so you know I’m going to be hitting up the salted butter and the chocolate croissants.

We return to Mexico City on Sept. 18.

Hasta pronto!

Filed Under: Travel Tagged With: Paris

Four chiles, one day: a marathon chile en nogada tasting in Mexico City

September 9, 2011 by Lesley Tellez

Chiles en nogada season starts in Mexico City toward the end of July. By two weeks ago, I hadn’t even tasted one in Mexico yet, which I considered a personal flaw. (I’m hard on myself.)

Then I met a new friend at the end of one of my mezcal tours. He’s a food enthusiast, too, and he suggested that we gather a group and spend the day tasting them. I loved this idea. I wrote him back: “Me encantaría!!”

So he created a Google Map and we both added restaurant suggestions. Our criteria were that the restaurants needed to be places we’d never been before. And they should be more or less in the same area, since we’d be trying them in the same day.

We decided we’d try four chiles in one day, with a fifth option. Of course we knew the chile en nogada is not a light food. So there’d be four of us, which meant a total of one chile per person each at the end of the day. We’d also order appetizers and drinks. (I stayed at the gym an extra-long time that morning, just to have some space.)

Here’s how the tasting went down. For more on what exactly comprises a chile en nogada, check out the post I wrote on it last year.
…

Read More

Filed Under: Mexico City, Restaurant reviews Tagged With: chiles en nogada

Photos of Xico’s Fiesta de la Magdalena

September 5, 2011 by Lesley Tellez

We arrived in Xico just in time for the Fiesta de la Magdalena. Mary Magdalene is the town’s patron saint and she’s celebrated yearly in July.

I wish I would’ve known more about the festival, but unfortunately all we could do was watch without really knowing what was going on. After lunch, we saw a group of young people carry a costumed statue of Mary Magdalene on their shoulders, singing hymns as they walked toward the other side of town.

Once arriving in the main square, the site of Xico’s largest church, a crowd of children danced in brightly colored costumes.

Here’s a few more of the photos I took, both of the processional and the children dancing.

Another processional, this time leaving Xico's main church

If anyone out there knows a little bit more about the festival, and the significance behind the processional and the costumes, I’d love to hear it!

Filed Under: Travel Tagged With: culture, Photography, Veracruz, Xico

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Who is Mija?


Mija is Lesley Téllez, a writer, mom, and culinary entrepreneur in New York City. I lived in Mexico City for four years, which cemented my deep love for Mexican food and culture. I'm currently the owner/operator of the top-rated tourism company Eat Mexico. I also wrote the cookbook Eat Mexico: Recipes from Mexico City's Streets, Markets & Fondas.

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